Basal and dentoalveolar transverse parameters in different sagittal and vertical malocclusions in adults: a comparative study.

OBJECTIVE: This study sought to three-dimensionally (3D) evaluate the maxillomandibular basal bone and dentoalveolar widths using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans in adult Chinese populations with different vertical and sagittal facial skeletal patterns whilst no apparent posterior dental crossbite. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The retrospective cross-sectional comparative study enrolled CBCT images of 259 adult patients (125 males and 134 females). The subjects were divided into the hyperdivergent(n = 82), hypodivergent(n = 88), and normodivergent(n = 89) groups based on the Jarabak ratio (S-GO/N-Me), which were further divided into three subgroups of skeletal Class I, II and III, based on both the ANB angle and AF-BF parameters. ANOVA was used to analyze the extracted data of the studied groups. The intra- and inter-observer reliability was analyzed using the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). RESULTS: In all three vertical facial skeletal patterns, the skeletal Class II had significantly smaller mandibular basal bone width compared to skeletal Class I and Class III, both at the first molar and first premolar levels. The skeletal Class III seemed to have smaller maxillary basal bone width compared to skeletal Class I and Class II malocclusions; however, a significant difference was found only in the normodivergent pattern. As for the dentoalveolar compensation, it was most notable that in the hypodivergent growth pattern, the skeletal Class II had significantly smaller maxillary dentoalveolar width compared to the Class I and Class III groups, both at the first molar and first premolar levels. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the sample in the present study, skeletal Class II has the narrowest mandibular basal bone regardless of the vertical facial skeletal pattern. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: For Chinese adults with no apparent transverse discrepancy, the maxillomandibular basal bone and dentoalveolar widths are revealed in specific categories based on different vertical and sagittal facial skeletal patterns. In diagnosis and treatment planning, particular attention should be paid to skeletal Class II for possibly existing mandibular narrowing.

Evaluation of an objective staging system for assessment of cervical vertebral maturation.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate an objective method for Cervical Vertebral Maturation (CVM) staging. METHODS: An initial sample of 647 Lateral Cephalometric Radiographs (LCR) were staged according to the CVM (Baccetti et al.) by 4 examiners. The final sample (n = 394) included LCR on which the staging of the 4 investigators matched. The objective staging was performed by a single operator. The sample was divided according to the maturational stages into pre-pubertal, pubertal and post-pubertal groups. Measurements were performed on the cervical vertebrae (C2, C3 and C4). The angle between posterior and superior borders for C3 and C4 was the Superior Wall Inclination Angle (SWIA). Concavity Depth (CD) for C2, C3 and C4, and Body Shape (BS) (ratio of width to height of C3 and C4). Measurements of the 3 groups were compared. RESULTS: Reliability of subjective staging was high (intra-observer reliability, 0.948; inter-observer reliability, 0.967). Good agreement was observed for the outcomes measured. Intra-observer reliability was good (0.918, 0.885 and 0.722 for CD, BS and SWIA, respectively). The same was for the inter-observer reliability results (0.902, 0.889 and 0.728 for CD, BS and SWIA, respectively). Significant differences were observed for mean values of SWIA and BS and median values of CD within maturational stage. Similar findings were observed when the outcomes were compared at different phases (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: A standardized, objective staging system using linear, angular measurements and ratios was applied for the determination of cervical vertebral maturation.

Alveolar bone changes following bi-maxillary vertical molars' movements using clear aligners.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the alveolar bone changes following maxillary and mandibular molars' intrusion and extrusion movements using Clear Aligners using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective clinical study in which 24 adult patients with pre-designed selection criteria and a mean age of 31.1 + 9.9 years were enrolled. The alveolar bone changes around one hundred thirty-three maxillary and mandibular molars intruded or extruded by Clear Aligners therapy were analyzed from CBCT using Invivo 6.0 software. Intra- and inter-examiner reliability analysis was performed using the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) and Cronbach's Alpha statistics. The paired t-test was used to analyze significant differences before and after treatment (T0-T1). The significance level was considered at P < 0.05. RESULT: The patients were divided into two groups: extrusion (48.9%, n = 65 molars' root) and intrusion (51.1%, n = 68 molars' root) group. There was a significant decrease in the alveolar bone changes in the buccal surface of the mandibular right and left 1st molars in the extrusion group (-1.05 ± 0.97, -0.76 ± 1.12 mm, respectively) and the maxillary left 2nd molars in intrusion group (-0.42 ± 0.77 mm), and the lingual surface of intrusion of the mandibular left 1st molar (-0.64 ± 0.76 mm). Comparing the mean maxillary and mandibular changes (T0-T1) of both studied groups showed that the buccal alveolar bone changes for the left 1st and right 2nd molars showed a significant difference in extrusion and intrusion groups, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The buccal alveolar bone changes is considered the most affected surface following maxillary and mandibular molars' intrusion and extrusion movements using clear aligners, with mandibular molars being more affected than the maxillary ones.

Three-dimensional relationship between the degree of bilateral impacted mandibular third molars angulation and the mandibular dental arch parameters: a cross-sectional comparative study.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to three-dimensionally evaluate the relationship between the degree of bilateral impacted mandibular third molar (IM3M) angulation and the mandibular dental arch parameters in normal skeletal and dental malocclusion patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this retrospective cross-sectional comparative study, 120 adult subjects' cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were three-dimensionally analyzed. The sample included 120 adults aged 20-30 years, with a gender distribution of 51 male and 69 female participants. The sample was divided into 100 adults with bilateral IM3M (study group) and 20 adults with normal bilateral erupted M3M (control group). The study group was sub-divided into three groups according to the degree of IM3M buccolingual angulation (BL°): group A, < 12° on the center of the ridge (N = 30), group B, 12-24° off-center of the ridge (N = 40), group C, > 24° off-center of the ridge (N = 30). The study group was also sub-divided into two groups according to IM3M mesiodistal angulation (MD°): group 1 from 10 to 45° (N = 36), group 2 > 45° (N = 64). Comparison within and between groups was performed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test. The correlation between IM3M, BL, and MD angulation and the mandibular arch parameter was calculated using Pearson's correlation coefficient. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences (P < 0.001) were found between the IM3M BL° and anterior teeth inclination, arch length (AL), and inter-second molar width (inter 2nd MW) as well as between the IM3M MD° with anterior crowding and the arch length (P < 0.001). A significant positive correlation was found between IM3M BL° and anterior teeth inclination and between IM3M MD° and anterior teeth crowding and inter 2nd MW. A significant negative correlation was observed between IM3M BL° and inter 1st MW and 2nd MW. CONCLUSION: The degree of buccolingual and mesiodistal angulation of the impacted mandibular third molars was related with mandibular dentoalveolar changes. Increased buccolingual angulation is generally associated with increased anterior teeth inclination and decreased 1st and 2nd inter-molar width. The increase in mesiodistal angulations was generally related with increased anterior teeth crowding and 2nd inter-molar width. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Assessment of the relationship between the impacted mandibular third molars and the degree of arch discrepancy, and the position of mandibular incisors in the three planes of space might help in the decision-making process for the extraction of the impacted third molars in adult patients.

Effect of the ethnic, profession, gender, and social background on the perception of upper dental midline deviations in smile esthetics by Chinese and Black raters.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to compare the perception of upper dental midline deviation on the attractiveness of a smile among raters from different ethnicities, professions, genders, and ages and measure to what extent the presence or absence of the associated smiling structures influence the raters' evaluations. METHODS: A male subject (26 years of age) with adequate smile characteristics was selected by 3 experienced orthodontists, and 561 raters from 2 different ethnic groups (281 Chinese raters and 280 Black raters) rated the subject's smile after the subject's upper dental midline was digitally altered from 0 to 5 mm using a 5-point Likert scale on 12 smile photographs divided into two groups: group 1, in the presence of smile related structures, two-thirds of the nose, lips, and chin (NLC), and group 2, in the absence of smile related structures, the lips only (L). RESULTS: There were statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) between the two ethnicities, in 2 mm and 4 mm in-group NLC and 5 mm in-group L, as well as the raters' profession to each midline shift of both groups (NLC) and (L) for both ethnicities except for 0 mm. Regarding the role of associated smile structures, the smile photos were observed in the presence of smile-associated structures, and in its absence (NLC × L), statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) were found when the deviation was 5 mm among the Chinese raters; in 1 mm, and 4 mm among the Black raters. Among different genders, statistical differences were only reported (p < 0.05) for Chinese raters for 5 mm in NLC, while statistical differences were observed for 2 mm and 3 mm in NLC for Black raters. For age categories, differences were observed (p < 0.05) for 4 mm, 5 mm in NLC and 4 mm, and 5 mm in L for Chinese raters, while 5 mm in NLC and 1 mm in L for Black raters. CONCLUSION: Perception of the upper dental midline deviations was influenced by the factors of ethnicity, profession, presence or absence of smile-associated structures, as well as the gender and age of the raters.

Upper airway dimensions and the skeletal parameters in orthodontic patients who developed moderate-severe COVID-19 symptoms during the pandemic.

BACKGROUND: Large airway dimensions are associated with a rapid decline in the lung function and a higher risk of hospitalization. Therefore, the airway dimensions of healthy subjects who tested positive for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may be associated with the severity of COVID-19 symptoms. OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to measure the upper airway dimensions and the craniofacial skeletal parameters in patients who tested positive for COVID-19, to compare the upper airway dimensions and the craniofacial skeletal parameters between patients who developed no/mild symptoms and those with moderate-severe COVID-19 symptoms, and to assess any association of the skeletal relationships (anteroposterior (AP) and vertical) and the upper airway dimensions with the severity of COVID-19 symptoms in adult subjects. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 204 orthodontic patients who tested positive for COVID-19 were evaluated. Of these, only 137 met the inclusion criteria. The sample was further subdivided into 2 groups based on the severity of symptoms: cases (moderate-severe symptoms; n = 56); and controls (asymptomatic/ mild symptoms; n = 81). The upper airway dimensions and the skeletal parameters were measured on lateral cephalograms. The nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test was used to detect differences between the cases and the controls. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between the studied variables and the severity of symptoms. RESULTS: The cases had a reduced lower face height (LFH) and a reduced perpendicular distance from the hyoid bone to the line connecting the anteroinferior limit of the 3rd cervical vertebra (C3) and the retrognathion point (RGN) (HH1) as compared to the controls. Regression analysis revealed a significant association of LFH (p = 0.013), the vertical airway length (VAL) (p = 0.002) and HH1 (p = 0.021) with the severity of COVID-19 symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: The types of malocclusion were similar in the cases and the controls. Patients with reduced LFH and VAL, and a superiorly positioned hyoid bone in relation to the mandible developed more severe COVID-19 symptoms.

Three dimensional evaluation of the skeletal and temporomandibular joint changes following stabilization splint therapy in patients with temporomandibular joint disorders and mandibular deviation: a retrospective study.

BACKGROUND: Three-dimensional (3D) detailed evaluations of the mandibular mediolateral position, mandibular condylar position, and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) spaces following stabilization splints (SS) therapy in patients with temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) and mandibular deviation (MD) have not been reported in the available literature. Accordingly, this study aimed to three-dimensionally analyze the skeletal and bony temporomandibular joint changes following stabilization splint therapy in adult patients with temporomandibular joint disorders and mandibular deviation. METHODS: This study is a retrospective clinical study that enrolled 26 adult patients with TMD and MD with a mean age of 24.86 years. The Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) was used to diagnose TMD. SS was adjusted weekly until occlusal contact stabilization occurred, and then adjusted monthly, patients were instructed to wear it at night for at least 10 h. The SS was removed after the elimination of TMD symptoms (TMJ/muscle pain on palpation, muscle spasm, and clicking) and having both condyles completely seated in a musculoskeletally stable position. Pre- and post-therapeutic Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) was analyzed. Mandibular mediolateral position, TMJ spaces, and mandibular condyle position were analyzed three-dimensionally using Mimics 21.0 software. Paired t-test or Wilcoxon rank-sum test was performed, and the significance level was considered at P < 0.05. RESULTS: The treatment period with SS therapy was 10.07 ± 3.1 months. The deviated chin was improved in 69.23% of the sample; the range of improvement was > 0 mm ≤ 3.9 mm. The mandibular rotation was significantly decreased from 3.58 ± 2.02° to 3.17 ± 1.60. The deviated side's superior and posterior joint TMJ spaces were significantly increased from 2.49 ± 0.88 mm and 1.25 ± 0.79 mm to 2.98 ± 1.02 mm and 1.86 ± 0.72 mm, respectively. The value of the difference from the bilateral condyle head position to the X and Z axes significantly decreased from 2.50 ± 1.56 mm and 2.30 ± 1.57 mm to 1.64 ± 1.58 mm and 1.82 ± 1.11 mm, respectively. CONCLUSION: The main positional effect of the stabilization splint treatment in TMD patients with MD includes considerable correction of mandibular deviation, improving facial asymmetry, and moving the condyle into a stable condylar position; these were done by promoting the mandible to rotate around the Z (roll) and Y (yaw) axes and by forward, downward, and outward condylar movement on the deviated side, respectively.

The dimensional and morphological assessment of frontal air sinus in different ages, genders and ethnicities (Arabian-Caucasian and Han-Chinese sub-populations).

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the dimensional and morphological measurements of the frontal air sinuses in different ages and genders in the two ethnicities. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study included 360 subjects (160 males and 200 females) of both ethnicities. Subjects were divided based on age and gender into four groups, including an equal number of both males and females, for each age and ethnic group. The frontal air sinus dimensions were measured utilizing lateral cephalometric radiographs and computed using Winceph version 9.0 software. The frontal air sinus dimensions were compared between age groups in both genders and between ethnicity using an independent sample t test. The relationship between the frontal air sinus dimensions and subjects' age was evaluated using Pearson's correlation coefficient. RESULT: The frontal air sinuses measurements were larger in males than females in both ethnicities, except for the frontal sinus index, which was found to be larger in females than males. The frontal air sinus surface area and height showed statistically significant differences between the two age groups in both ethnicities (P < 0.05). The Arabian-Caucasian patients had a larger frontal sinus surface area, height, and depth than the Han-Chinese patients in both age groups. CONCLUSION: The size of the frontal air sinus increases with age; and continues to expand after the age of 20 years. Based on the Arabian-Caucasian and Han-Chinese sub-population findings, the frontal sinus is an effective tool for determining gender and appears to have potential in ethnicity identification.

Efficacy of lycopene for management of oral potentially malignant disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the available evidence on the efficacy of lycopene in the management of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs). STUDY DESIGN: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and ProQuest databases were searched up to April 20, 2022. All clinical trials that assessed the efficacy of lycopene (I) on the signs/symptoms (O) of patients with OPMDs (P) in comparison to either active control or placebo (C) were included. Meta-analysis was conducted using the RevMan software (Cochrane Collaboration, London, UK). RESULTS: A total of 27 clinical trials (20 on oral submucosa fibrosis [OSF], 5 on oral lichen planus [OLP], and 2 on leukoplakia) were included. Overall, lycopene was efficacious in reducing signs and symptoms of OSF, OLP, and leukoplakia. The pooled data revealed comparable efficacy of lycopene and prednisolone in reducing pain and promoting clinical resolution of OLP. Additionally, the pooled data reported comparable efficacy of lycopene and conventional controls in improving the mouth opening and tongue protrusion in patients with OSF. CONCLUSIONS: The results reveal promising effects of lycopene in alleviating signs and symptoms of OSF, OLP, and leukoplakia. However, owing to the observed heterogeneity and short follow-up periods, further well-designed studies with long-term therapy and follow-up are highly recommended.

Comparison of spheno-occipital synchondrosis maturation stages with three-dimensional assessment of mandibular growth.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to compare spheno-occipital synchondrosis (SOS) maturation stages with a three-dimensional assessment of mandibular growth. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study of a retrospective type, in which cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 500 patients aged 6 to 25 years (226 males and 274 females) were analyzed. The SOS was evaluated using the four-stage scoring system; completely open, partially fused, semi-fused, or completely fused. The SOS scoring and three-dimensional cephalometric measurements were analyzed by Invivo 6.0.3 software. Descriptive and analytical statistics were performed, and a P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference in mandibular measurements among SOS maturation stages in both sexes (P < 0.05). The skeletal growth increments of mandibular variables across the SOS stages had higher mean differences between SOS stages 2 and 3 than those between stages 1 and 2 and stages 3 and 4 in both sexes. The mandibular growth curves increased with chronological age (earlier in females) and SOS maturation stages (mostly in stages 1, 2, and 3 than stage 4). CONCLUSIONS: The SOS maturation stages are valid and reliable mandibular skeletal indicators as evaluated with three-dimensional cephalometric mandibular measurements. The findings of growth increments and constructed growth curves of mandibular growth might be helpful in diagnosis and treatment planning.

Qualitative and quantitative three-dimensional evaluation of maxillary basal and dentoalveolar dimensions in patients with and without maxillary impacted canines.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to three-dimensionally evaluate the qualitative and quantitative maxillary basal, dentoalveolar, and dental dimensions in patients with unilateral or bilateral maxillary impacted canines relative to their normal peers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective comparative study. Cone-beam computed tomography images of one hundred and fifty adult patients were divided into three equal groups: unilateral, bilateral, and control groups. Each had 50 patients that were three-dimensionally analysed. The quantitative measurements involved three basal (molar basal width, premolar basal width, and arch depth), seven dentoalveolar (molar alveolar width, premolar alveolar width, inter-molar width, inter-premolar width, inter-canine width, arch length, and arch perimeter), and two dental (canine length and width) measurements. The qualitative measurements included four bone density areas (buccal, lingual, mesial, and distal) around the maxillary impacted canines. RESULT: Differences between the three groups were statistically different for the quantitative measurements involving the two basal variables (molar basal width and premolar basal width) and all measured dentoalveolar variables; these were smaller in the unilateral and bilateral groups compared with the control group (p < 0.001). Unilateral and bilateral impacted canine groups showed significantly wider and shorter canines than the control group (p < 0.001). The qualitative measurements (the four bone density areas) around unilateral and bilateral impacted canine groups showed significantly greater density than the control group (p < 0.001). There was no significant qualitative or quantitative difference between the unilateral and bilateral impacted canines. The three groups had no significant variations in terms of arch depth. CONCLUSION: Maxillary unilateral and bilateral canine impactions are associated with reduced basal and dentoalveolar dimensions as well as wider and shorter maxillary canines compared to normal peers. The quality of bone around unilateral and bilateral impacted maxillary canines is higher than in non-impacted cases. Unilateral and bilateral canine impactions have quite similar qualitative and quantitative parameters.

Orthodontic treatment pause during COVID-19 outbreak: Are we overlooking potential harms to our patients and their treatment outcomes?

INTRODUCTION: The global outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has led all dental governing bodies across the world to minimize or cancel routine/elective dental procedures and limit dental services to only acute emergency situations. Orthodontic treatment is a long-term treatment that necessitates several appointments. However, if patients are left unsupervised during this pandemic, serious harms might arise apart from acute orthodontic emergencies. OBJECTIVE: In this article we highlight these harms and their negative impact on patients and the overall success of their treatment. CONCLUSION: We briefly presented actions needed to be undertaken by orthodontists to gradually allow for recalling patients according to the stage of their treatment to avoid any potential harms to the treatment outcome and avoid any subsequent medicolegal consequences.

Evaluation of self-perceived pain and jaw function impairment in children undergoing slow and rapid maxillary expansion.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate and compare perceived pain and jaw function impairment during the first 4 weeks with slow maxillary expansion (SME) using quadhelix and rapid maxillary expansion (RME) using conventional banded hyrax. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty patients aged 10.2 to 15 years were enrolled and consecutively recruited to either the quadhelix group (QG) or hyrax group (HG). A questionnaire was used to evaluate pain, jaw function impairment, and analgesic consumption in the first 7 days, at 2 weeks, and at 4 weeks. RESULTS: Fifty-five patients (43 girls and 12 boys) completed the questionnaire at all time points (27 in the QG and 28 in the HG). Except at 4 hours, there were no significant differences between the groups regarding pain from teeth, tongue, and palate. Patients started to adapt after day 3. Patients in the HG group reported significantly higher scores for difficulty in swallowing (moderate to severe) during the first 6 days. In both groups, minimal effects were found on speech and the majority of patients did not experience difficulty in yawning or laughing. There was no significant difference in analgesic consumption between the groups. No correlations were found between age, gender, or malocclusion type and any of the investigated outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Quadhelix for SME and conventional banded hyrax for RME were well tolerated by patients after 1 week. The decision to use either appliance could be based on factors not related to patient experiences.

Orthodontic treatment pause during COVID-19 outbreak: Are we overlooking potential harms to our patients and their treatment outcomes?

ABSTRACT Introduction: The global outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has led all dental governing bodies across the world to minimize or cancel routine/elective dental procedures and limit dental services to only acute emergency situations. Orthodontic treatment is a long-term treatment that necessitates several appointments. However, if patients are left unsupervised during this pandemic, serious harms might arise apart from acute orthodontic emergencies. Objective: In this article we highlight these harms and their negative impact on patients and the overall success of their treatment. Conclusion: We briefly presented actions needed to be undertaken by orthodontists to gradually allow for recalling patients according to the stage of their treatment to avoid any potential harms to the treatment outcome and avoid any subsequent medicolegal consequences.

RESUMO Introdução: O surto global do coronavírus 2019 (COVID-19) levou todos os órgãos diretivos de Odontologia, ao redor do mundo, a minimizar ou cancelar procedimentos odontológicos de rotina/eletivos e limitar os serviços odontológicos apenas a situações de emergência aguda. O tratamento ortodôntico é um tratamento de longa duração que requer várias consultas. No entanto, se os pacientes não forem supervisionados durante essa pandemia, danos graves podem surgir, além das emergências ortodônticas. Objetivo: No presente trabalho, destacamos esses danos e seu impacto negativo nos pacientes e no sucesso geral de seus tratamentos. Conclusão: Foram apresentadas, resumidamente, as ações que devem ser realizadas pelos ortodontistas para gradualmente retomar o atendimento dos pacientes, conforme o estágio de seu tratamento, para evitar quaisquer danos potenciais ao desfecho do tratamento e evitar quaisquer consequências médico-legais subsequentes.

The prevalence and distribution of nonsyndromic hyperdontia in a group of Qatari orthodontic and pediatric patients.

OBJECTIVE: There is no data specific to the Qatari population on the prevalence and distribution of hyperdontia. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and distribution of hyperdontia in the permanent teeth among a group of Qatari sample and to compare the present results with findings from other populations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Records of 1269 Qatari patients (674 females; mean age 11.8 ± 2.3 and 595 males; mean age 11.4 ± 2.2 years) which included panoramic radiographs were examined to identify hyperdontia in the permanent dentition. Supernumerary teeth were assessed for their location, morphology, number, and whether impacted or not. RESULTS: The prevalence of hyperdontia was 1.6% (females 0.7% and males 0.9%; P < 0169). The most common type of supernumerary teeth was the supplemental (45.5%), followed by the conical (40%). Of the supplemental teeth, the mandibular incisor was the most prevalent (60%), followed by the premolar (20%). No significant difference in the prevalence was found between the maxilla and mandible. More than half of supernumerary teeth identified were impacted (54.5%). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of hyperdontia in a group of Qatari population was within the normal range of the majority of published studies in the literature. Although not significant, hyperdontia cases were more prevalent in male patients.